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P25 radio networks come in two basic system types: conventional and trunked. Either type can optionally make use of simulcast. This white paper aims to assist those who need to make basic choices about the sort of network they want.
Conventional networks are suitable for small to medium installations. Their big advantage is that they can be dual mode, supporting analog radios and allowing a phased migration to digital. Because signaling is digital, they also have many features traditionally associated with trunking.
Trunked networks provide additional intelligence, through the addition of trunking controllers. These control access to the network and enable more efficient channel use. Trunked networks can be interconnected to provide state-wide or even nation-wide coverage.
Simulcast means that multiple repeaters use the same transmit frequency. Both trunked and conventional networks can use simulcast. Many organizations need simulcast, because of the shortage of spectrum. Simulcast can be used in part or all of a network.
Choosing a conventional network does not prevent a later migration to trunked; most vendors’ equipment allows trunking controllers to be added later, turning the network from conventional into trunked.
There are advantages and limitations to all P25 system types and the key to navigating through the P25 system maze is to understand clearly what your organization needs from a radio communications system and what your business case is. An important stage of this decision process is partnering with a vendor who understands your needs and can help you decide on the right option for you.